Condition | Study characteristics | Main results | References |
---|---|---|---|
Alcoholic cirrhosis | Prospective study (n = 237) Median follow-up: 68 months Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Cut-off value: < 8 μg/L Low hepcidin associated with HCC occurrence [HR = 1.76 (1.01–3.06); P = 0.031] Low hepcidin associated with overall death [HR = 2.84 (1.29–6.25), P = 0.009] | Nahon et al. 2016 |
ALD | n = 24 Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum hepcidin ↓ (P = 0.001) | Dostalikova-Cimburova et al. 2014 |
Chronic liver disease | n = 332 Liver biopsy samples and serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Serum hepcidin ↓ (P < 0.0001)a Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ (P < 0.0001)b Hepcidin/ferritin ratio with cut-off value < 0.1 was independently associated with liver cirrhosis [OR 5.54 (95% CI 2.49–12.35, P < 0.001)] Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ distinguishes between F0 and F4 stages of fibrosis (AUC = 0.86) | Tan et al. 2012 |
Liver cirrhosis | n = 70 Serum prohepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum prohepcidin in all patients ↓ (P < 0.01) Serum prohepcidin levels ↓ in HCV and alcoholic –related cirrhosis (P < 0.01), but not in HBV-related cirrhosis Prohepcidin/ferritin ratio correlation with Child-Pugh score in all patients: r = 0.38, P = 0.01 Prohepcidin/Child-Pugh score correlation in alcohol-related liver cirrhosis: r = 0.41, P = 0.01 | Jaroszewicz et al. 2008 |
Chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis | HCV patients (n = 131); HBV patients (n = 59) Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum prohepcidin ↓ in HCV patients with chronic hepatitis (P = 0.01) and liver cirrhosis (P = 0.037) compared to HBV patients | Nagashima et al. 2006 |
HCV infection | Liver biopsy from n = 96 patients Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum hepcidin ↓ (P < 0.001) Serum hepcidin/histological lesions correlations: necroinflammation (r = 0.259, P = 0.011) and fibrosis (r = 0.214, P = 0.036) Serum hepcidin is an independent predictor of liver cirrhosis [OR = 1.145 (1.007–1.301); P = 0.039] | Tsochatzis et al. 2010 |
HCV infection | Treatment outcomes in n = 31 patients Serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Serum hepcidin ↑ (at 12 h) after treatment with pegylated IFN-α (P < 0.0001) Correlations between hepcidin and markers of treatment response to pegylated IFN-α I. Serum hepcidin/IFN-α: r = 0.44, P = 0.042 II. Serum hepcidin/IL-10: r = 0.59, P = 0.004 | Ryan et al. 2012 |
HCV infection | Treatment outcomes in n = 15 patients Serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Serum hepcidin ↑ (at week 1) after treatment with pegylated IFN-α (P = 0.013) | van Rijnsoever et al. 2016 |
HCV infection | Treatment outcomes in n = 73 patients Serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ (P = 0.028) Serum hepcidin ↑ in patients with SVR after 48 weeks of treatment (P < 0.01) Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↑ in patients with SVR after 48 weeks of treatment (P < 0.01) | Fujita et al. 2008 |
HCV infection | Treatment outcomes Retrospective study (n = 50) Serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Serum hepcidin ↓ in patients with SVR (but did not reach statistical significance) | Kohjima et al. 2015 |
HCV infection | n = 81 Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum hepcidin ↓ (P < 0.001) Serum hepcidin/ferritin(quartiles) ↓ (P < 0.001) | Girelli et al. 2009 |
HCV infection | n = 9 Serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ (P = 0.0068) Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ after phlebotomy (P = 0.0338) | Sugimoto et al. 2009 |
Chronic liver disease | n = 34 (children) Liver biopsy Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in patients with Child-Pugh score B + C compared to Child-Pugh score A (P = 0.03) Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in patients with severe fibrosis vs no fibrosis/mild fibrosis (P < 0.05) | Cakir et al. 2015 |
HBV-related cirrhosis | n = 70 Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum hepcidin ↓ (P < 0.001) Serum hepcidin/TS ratio ↓ | Lin et al. 2013 |
Chronic HBV infection | n = 46 Nanopore film-based assay | Serum hepcidin ↓ in cirrhotic HBV infection compared to non-cirrhotic HBV infection (P < 0,05) Serum hepcidin ↓ in Child-Pugh class C compared to Child-Pugh class A (but without reaching statistical significance) | Wang et al. 2016 |
NAFLD | n = 51 Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Hepcidin correlates with hepatic lipid content (r = 0.42, P = 0.0024) Hepcidin ↑ in NASH vs non-NASH NAFLD (P = 0.01) Hepcidin differentiates between early and later stages of liver fibrosis (P < 0.0001) Hepcidin is an independent predictor of liver fibrosis [OR = 1.03 (1.00-1.05); P = 0.022] | Ryan et al. 2017 |
NAFLD | n = 54 Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Hepcidin is an independent predictor of advanced liver fibrosis [OR = 560.72 (5.98-5255.33); P = 0.006] Hepcidin cut-off value of 45.00 ng/mL differentiates between simple steatosis and NASH | Jamali et al. 2016 |
DIOS | n = 18 Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Hepcidin resistance indexc ↑(P = 0.0002) | Rametta et al. 2016 |
NAFLD, DIOS, HH-HFE, THAL | n = 15 (NAFLD), n = 47 (DIOS), n = 23 (HH-HFE), n = 9 (THAL) Serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Serum hepcidin ↓ in HH-HFE vs controls (P < 0.01) Serum hepcidin ↓ in HH-HFE vs DIOS (P < 0.01) Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in DIOS vs controls (P < 0.01) Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in HFE-HH vs controls (P < 0.01) Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in THAL vs controls (P < 0.01) Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in HFE-HH vs NAFLD (P < 0.01) Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in HFE-HH vs DIOS (P < 0.01) | Ravasi et al. 2012 |
Liver autoimmune diseases vs NAFLD and HBV/HCV infections | AICD (n = 34) AIH (n = 16) NAFLD (n = 32) HBV infection (n = 23) HCV infection (n = 21) Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum hepcidin ↓ in AIH compared to NAFLD (P < 0.001), HBV infection (P < 0.001), HCV infection (P = 0.001) Serum hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in AIH compared to NAFLD (P < 0.001), HBV infection (P < 0.001), HCV infection (P < 0.001) Serum hepcidin ↓ in AICD compared to NAFLD (P < 0.001), HBV infection (P < 0.001), HCV infection (P < 0.001) Serum hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in AICD compared to NAFLD (P < 0.001), HBV infection (P < 0.001), HCV infection (P < 0.001) Serum hepcidin ↓ in HCV infection compared to HBV infection (P = 0.018) | Lyberopoulou et al. 2015 |
Biliary atresia | n = 10 (early stage disease); n = 9 (late stage disease) Liver biopsy samples Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Hepcidin mRNA ↓ in late stage disease (cirrhosis) compared to early stage disease (P < 0.001) Serum hepcidin ↓ in late stage disease (cirrhosis) compared to early stage disease (P = 0.02) | Huang et al. 2009 |
HH | n = 5 (HH-HFE), n = 6 (HH-HJV) Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in untreated HH-HFE Serum hepcidin ↓ in HH-HJV (P < 0.001) | Ganz et al. 2008 |
Iron-overload conditions | n = 13 Serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Serum hepcidin ↓ in HH-HFE, HH-HJV, HH-TFR2 vs serum hepcidin ↑ in FPN disease (P < 0.01) | Kaneko et al. 2010 |
HFE-HH (C282Y) | n = 22 Serum hepcidin measurements with mass spectrometry | Serum hepcidin ↓ in untreated homozygotes (P < 0.01)d Hepcidin/ferritin ratio ↓ in untreated homozygotes (P < 0.001) | van Dijk et al. 2008 |
HFE-HH (C282Y) | n = 9 Serum hepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum hepcidin ↓ in untreated homozygotes (P = 0.0002) Hepcidin response to oral iron challenge ↓ (AUC: P = 0.0127) | Sangwaiya et al. 2011 |
FPN disease type A | n = 8 Serum prohepcidin measurements with ELISA method | Serum prohepcidin ↑ in untreated patients compared to normal control and treated patients with FPN disease | Zoller et al. 2005 |