| Group 1 Diabetes without nephropathy (N. = 30) | Group 2 Diabetes with microalbuminuria (N. = 30) | Group 3 Diabetes with macroalbuminuria (N. = 30) | Group 4 Healthy controls (N. = 30) | F | Sig |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(A) Serum levels of RUBCN, SESN2and mTOR and relative RUBCN and SESN2 mRNA expression | ||||||
 RUBCN serum level (ng/mL) | 1.54 ± 0.18 c,d | 4.05 ± 0.88 a,b,d | 6.75 ± 1.12 a,b,c | 1.48 ± 0.17 | 359.523 | < 0.001* |
 SESN2 serum level (ng/mL) | 6.47 ± 0.86 a,c,d | 5.27 ± 0.61 a,b,d | 4.02 ± 0.47 a,b,c | 8.04 ± 0.76 | 221.661 | < 0.001* |
 mTOR serum level (ng/mL) | 2.5 ± 0.5 a,c,d | 4.05 ± 0.88 a,b,d | 6.11 ± 0.6 a,b,c | 0.65 ± 0.17 | 441.866 | < 0.001* |
 RUBCN expression | 1.94 ± 0.41 a,c,d | 5.18 ± 0.73 a,b,d | 9.04 ± 0.64 a,b,c | Ref | 330.755 | < 0.001* |
 SESN2 expression | 0.78 ± 0.13 a,c,d | 0.48 ± 0.11 a,b,d | 0.1 ± 0.06 a,b,c | Ref | 563.214 | < 0.001* |
(B) Normalized serum levels of RUBCN, SESN2 and mTOR to total serum proteins | ||||||
 RUBCN (ng/gm protein) | 22.81 ± 2.91 c,d | 63.18 ± 15.68 a,b,d | 122 ± 26.58 a,b,c | 21.82 ± 2.3 | 277.7 | < 0.001* |
 SESN2 (ng/gm protein) | 110.62 ± 13.54 a,c,d | 81.73 ± 10.53 a,b,d | 37.99 ± 10.8 a,b,c | 118.8 ± 12.42 | 101.8 | < 0.001* |
 mTOR (ng/gm protein) | 36.98 ± 7.67 a,c,d | 62.78 ± 13.69 a,b,d | 112.5 ± 13 a,b,c | 9.66 ± 4.04 | 532.8 | < 0.001* |