| Â | Group 1b | Group 2c |
|---|
Parameter | Nonsmokers | Smokers | Nonsmokers |
|---|
n
| 7 | 13 | 4 |
Sex (male/female) | 6/1 | 9/4 | 3/1 |
Age (y) | 42 ± 5 | 38 ± 20 | 34 ± 6 |
Race (B/W/H)d | 3/4/0 | 6/6/1 | 3/1/0 |
Smoking history (pack-year) | 0 | 21 ± 3 | 0 |
Urine nicotine (ng/mL)e | 8 ± 7 | 3642 ± 1154 | Negative |
Urine cotinine (ng/mL)e | Negative | 1805 ± 303 | Negative |
Venous carboxyhemoglobin (%)f | ND | 3.7 ± 0.5 | ND |
Pulmonary function parametersg | Â | Â | Â |
FVC | 102 ± 4 | 102 ± 3 | 103 ± 5 |
FEV1 | 102 ± 3 | 102 ± 3 | 104 ± 4 |
FEV1/FVC | 101 ± 3 | 99 ± 2 | 101 ± 1 |
TLC | 104 ± 4 | 99 ± 3 | 99 ± 3 |
DLCO | 86 ± 4 | 85 ± 3 | 96 ± 4 |
D/VA | 92 ± 2 | 93 ± 4 | 104 ± 2 |
Epithelial cells | Â | Â | Â |
Total number recovered (/times/106) | 10.5 ± 0.8 | 8.5 ± 3.9 | 5.7 ± 1.0 |
% epithelial cells | 9 ± 1 | 99 ± 10 | 99 ± 1 |
% inflammatory cells | 1 ± 1 | 1 ± 1 | 1 ± 1 |
- aDemographic characteristics of the 24 individuals in the study. The epithelial cell data represent the samples used for the 48 microarrays (2 per individual, 1 per right or left lung). Data are presented as mean ± standard error. ND = not determined.
- bSubjects whose right airway epithelium was sampled 1st.
- cSubjects whose left airway epithelium was sampled 1st.
- dB = Black; W = White; H = Hispanic.
- eUrine nicotine and cotinine used as screen to ensure current smoking; > 200 = active smoker; 50 to 200 = passive smoker; < 50 nonsmoker. Data represent the mean of 2 determinations from the day of the initial screening and day of bronchoscopy. “Negative” = not detectable.
- fDetermined for 8 of 13 smokers; venous carboxyhemoglobin was used as a secondary marker of current smoking; nonsmokers < 1.5%.
- gPulmonary tests are expressed as percentage of predicted. FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec; TLC, total capacity; DLCO, total diffusion capacity; D/VA, diffusion capacity corrected for alveolar volume.
