| Q 1 (n = 604) <28 mL/kg/min | Q 2 (n = 639) 28.1–31.5 | Q 3 (n = 595) 31.6–34.5 | Q 4 (n = 618) >34.6 | P values |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 60 ± 6a | 57 ± 5 | 56 ± 4 | 55 ± 4 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.9 ± 2 | 24.8 ± 2 | 24.6 ± 2 | 24.3 ± 2 | <0.001 |
Smoker (%) | 27.0 | 20.2 | 19.5 | 20.7 | 0.005 |
Hypertension (%) | 17.7 | 16.3 | 12.2 | 14.1 | 0.042 |
Antihypertensive drugs (%) | 17.7 | 14.7 | 13.9 | 11.2 | 0.013 |
Diabetes (%) | 9.4 | 6.6 | 8.9 | 3.6 | <0.001 |
Oral hypoglycemic drugs (%) | 9.9 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 2.4 | <0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 125.8 ± 20 | 124.2 ± 18 | 121.7 ± 18 | 121.8 ± 18 | 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (mmHg) | 78.9 ± 12 | 78.6 ± 11 | 78.1 ± 11 | 78.1 ± 12 | 0.475 |
TC (mg/dL) | 204.9 ± 38 | 205.5 ± 33 | 204.7 ± 33 | 203.3 ± 31 | 0.711 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 47.2 ± 12 | 48.0 ± 10 | 50.6 ± 12 | 51.3 ± 12 | <0.001 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 139.3 ± 34 | 140.9 ± 32 | 140.3 ± 31 | 138.5 ± 30 | 0.546 |
TGs (mg/dL) | 160.8 ± 80 | 161.7 ± 85 | 145.4 ± 74 | 143.6 ± 76 | <0.001 |
TC/HDL-C ratio | 4.5 ± 1.1 | 4.4 ± 1.0 | 4.2 ± 0.9 | 4.1 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 112.9 ± 32 | 107.9 ± 29 | 110.6 ± 36 | 103.8 ± 27 | <0.001 |
CRP (mg/dL)b | 0.12 (0.07–0.18) | 0.10 (0.06–0.17) | 0.09 (0.06–0.14) | 0.08 (0.05–0.15) | <0.001 |
CRP (mg/dL)c | 1.24 ± 0.4 | 1.18 ± 0.4 | 1.16 ± 0.4 | 1.06 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
RHR (bpm) | 65 ± 9 | 64 ± 10 | 63 ± 9 | 61 ± 8 | <0.001 |
HRR (bpm) | 19 ± 9 | 23 ± 9 | 24 ± 8 | 26 ± 8 | <0.001 |
RHR/HRR indexd | 0.72 ± 0.17 | 0.62 ± 0.15 | 0.58 ± 0.14 | 0.52 ± 0.14 | <0.001 |