Table 1 Response of NK cells to TLR agonists and other RAMPs.
From: Natural Killer (NK) Cells in Antibacterial Innate Immunity: Angels or Devils?
Bacteria or bacterial RAMPs | PRRs | Experimental settings | Species | Nature of NK cell activation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Legionella pneumophila | ND | MØ or IL-2 | m | Cytotoxicity, IFN-γ production | Blanchard et al. Infect Immun., 1988, 56, 1187a |
LPS | ND | PBMC | h | Cytotoxicity | Conti et al. J. Immunol. 1991, 73, 450 |
S. aureus | ND | PBMC | h | CD25 and CD69 expression, IFN-γ production | Yoshihara et al. Infect. Immun. 1993, 61, 3117 |
L. monocytogenes | ND | SCID splenocytes + peritoneal MØ | m | IFN-γ production | Tripp et al. PNAS 1993, 90, 3725 |
Mycobacterium bovis BCG | ND | Spleen cells | m | IFN-γ production | Yang et al. J. Immunol. 1995, 155, 5728 |
E. coli DNA | ND | in vivo | m | IFN-γ production | Cowdery et al. J. Immunol. 1996, 156, 4570 |
E. coli DNA | ND | + MØ or IL-12 | m | IFN-γ production | Chace et al. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 1997, 84, 185 |
LPS | ND | in vivo | m | IFN-γ production | Nguyen et al. J. Immunol. 1999, 162, 5238 |
E. coli, Lactobacillus | ND | + MØ | h | CD25 and CD69 expression, IFN-γ production, proliferation | Haller et al. Infect. Immun. 2000, 68, 752 |
CgG oligonucleotide | TLR9 | pDC or pDC supernatant | h | CD69 expression | Hornung et al. J. Immunol. 2002, 168, 4531 |
Poly(I:C) | TLR3 | IL-2 or IL-12 | h | Cytotoxicity, CXCL10 and IFN-γ production | Pisegna et al. Blood. 2004, 104, 4157 |
K, pneumoniae OmpA, flagellin | TLR2 and TLR5 | ± IL-1, IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, IFN-α | h | IFN-γ and α-defensin production | Chalifur et al. Blood. 2004, 104, 1778 |
Poly(I:C) and CpG | TLR3 and TLR9 | + IL-12 or IL-8 | h | CD69 and CD25 expression, cytotoxity, IFN-γ and TNF production | Sivori et al. PNAS. 2004, 101, 10116 |
L. monocytogenes | ND | in vivo | m | IFN-γ production | Thäle et al. Immunobiology. 2005, 210, 673 |
H. pylori lysates | ND | IL-12 | h | IFN-γ production | Yun et al. Infect. Immun. 2005, 73, 1482 |
Flagellin | ND | in vivo, in vitro ± DC | m | CD69 expression, IFN-γ production proliferation | Tsujimoto et al. J. Leuk. Biol. 2005, 78, 888 |
Secreted mycobacterial (proteins ESAT-6 and MPP14) | ND | Bovine whole blood or PBMC | b | IFN-γ production | Olsen et al. Infect. Immun. 2005, 73, 5628 |
Peptidoglycan, poly(I:C) LPS, flagellin | TLR2, -3, -4, -5 | IL-2 | h | IFN-γ production and cytotoxity | Lauzon et al. Cell. Immunol. 2006, 241, 102 |
Lactobacillus casei | ND | + MØ or IL-12 | h | Cytotoxicity | Takeda et al. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2006, 146, 109 |
Poly(I:C), Ioxoribine | TLR3 and TLR7 | IL-12 | h | IFN-γ production and cytotoxity | Girart et al. J. Immunol. 2007, 179, 3472 |
Peptidoglycan, poly(I:C) (Ioxoribine) | TLR2, -3 and -7 | IL-12 | m | IFN-γ production and cytotoxity | Sawaki et al. Int. Immunol. 2007, 19, 311 |
M. tuberculosis | TLR2 + TLR4 | IL-12 + APC contact | h | IFN-γ production | Schierloh et al. Infect. Immun. 2007, 75, 5325 |
M. bovis | TLR2 | ± IL-12 | h | CD69 and CD25 expression, IFN-γ and TNF production | Marcenaro et al. Int. Immunol. 2008, 20, 1155 |
MDP | NOD2 | IL-12 or IFN-α | h | CD69 expression, IFN-γ production | Athie-Morales et al. J. Immunol. 2010, 185, 2080 |
CgG oligonucleotide | TLR9 | Infected MØ | m | Control of intracellular bacterial growth | Elkins et al. Microbes Infect. 2009, 11, 49 |
Poly(I:C) | RIG-like receptor not TLR3 | IL-12 and IFN-γ | h | IFN-γ production and cytotoxity | Perrot et al. J. Immunol. 2010, 185, 1379 |
E. coli Fimbriae FimH | TLR4 agonist | IL-2 | m and h | CD69 expression, cytotoxity and IFN-γ production | Mian et al. Mol. Ther. 2010, 18, 1379 |
H. pylori (HpaA lipoprotein) | TLR2 | IL-12 | h | IFN-γ production | Lindgren et al. Innate Immun. 2010, 17, 191 |
Diacyl lipopeptide | TLR2 | + BMDC contact | m | IFN-γ production and cytotoxity | Azuma et al. PLoS One. 2010, 5, e12550 |
Lactobacillus acidophilus | ND | PBMC | h | Cytotoxicity and granule exocytosis | Cheon et al. Immunol. Lett. 2011, 136, 171 |